Diagnostics
Wang (inspection), Wen (listening and smelling), Wen (inquiry) and Qie (taking pulse and palpation) are the four basic diagnostic methods used in traditional Chinese medicine.
Inspection means to collect information about diseases through observing the patient. Inspection mainly refers to observation of the mental state, physical condition, facial expressions and tongue manifestations. To understand the internal through observing the external is an important method used to understand the physiological functions and pathological changes of the human body. Diagnosis made through observation is mainly based on the theory of five elements. Inspection of the tongue is now a relatively independent diagnostic method. This method is mainly used to understand the condition of Qi and blood. According to experience, people have gradually reached the conclusion that those with long brows and large ears can enjoy a long life. Such empirical experience is also reflected in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. For instance, in traditional Chinese medicine it believes that the brows reveal the condition of marrow while the ears demonstrate the condition of the kidney.
Wen means to listen to the voices and breathe as well as to smell the odors of the patient. This method is used to collect information for diagnosis and use of drugs. For instance, the sound of cough can help doctors understand the disease in question is due to dryness or wind invasion or phlegm or lung injury.
Inquiry is used by doctors both in TCM and Western medicine. Through inquiry, doctors can know the subjective feeling, living habit and anamnesis of the patient as well as the duration of disease.
Taking pulse is used to examine dislocation and fracture of bones, abdominal mass and skin condition. However it is most commonly used to examine the pulse conditions. The development of such a diagnostic method was based on the understanding of the pulsation of vessels in the body. To combine the pulse states with the diagnosis of diseases, doctors in the previous dynasties established various theories to guide the use of this method. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the variation of the pulses is closely related to the fluctuation of yin and yang in the four seasons. That is why this method is also called pulse examination method in the four seasons.
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