Naxi
With a population of about 278,009 (as of 1990), the Naxi ethnic group mainly live in concentrated communities in the Naxi Autonomous County of Lijiang in the Yunnan Province, and the rest are scattered throughout the neighboring counties in Yunnan Province, as well as Yanyuan, Yanbian and Muli counties in Sichuan Province. There is also a small number living in the Mangkang County in the Tibet Autonomous Region.
The Naxi ethnic minority has its own language which belongs to the Yi branch of Tibeto-Burman Austronesian of the Chinese-Tibetan Phylum. The ancient Na xi people created pictographic characters called the "Dong ba" script and a syllabic writing known as the "Ge ba" script. However, they were difficult to master, and in 1957 the government helped the Na xi design an alphabetic script. Due to close contact with the Han people over the past several hundred years, the Na xi people also use the oral and written Chinese to communicate.
Agriculture is the main occupation of the Na xi people, together with stockbreeding and handicraft industry. The banks of the Jin sha River are heavily forested, and Yu long Mountain is known at home and abroad as a "flora storehouse". The extensive dense forests contain Chinese fir, Korean pine, Yun nan pine and other valuable trees, as well as many varieties of herbs.
Naxi literature is rich in form and content. The Dong ba script created in the seventh century by the Na xi people is the only pictographic characters extant in the world. The Dong ba Scripture, a religious work written in the pictographic script, describes the various aspects of life of the Na xi people during their long transition from slavery to feudalism. It is extremely important for the study of Na xi literature, history and religion.
Most Na xi people were followers of the Dongba religion, which is a form of Shamanism. Lamaism, Buddhism, Taoism and Christianity only have limited access to the Li jiang area.
The traditional festivals include the Farm-Tool Fair in January, the God of the Rain Festival in March, and the Mule and Horse Fair in July. There are also the Spring Festival, the Qing ming Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-autumn Festival and the Torch Festival -- all being the same as those of the Hans.
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